Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that can occur in any part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Most UTIs affect the lower part of the tract—the bladder and urethra.
Women are more likely than men to develop UTIs. When the bladder is infected, it can cause discomfort and irritation. However, if the infection reaches the kidneys, it can become much more serious.
UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics, but there are also preventive measures you can take to reduce the risk of getting a UTI or having one return after treatment.
Symptoms
A UTI causes inflammation in the lining of your urinary tract. The inflammation may cause the following problems:
Blood in your pee (hematuria).
Pain in your flank, abdomen, pelvic area or lower back.
Pressure in the lower part of your pelvis.
Cloudy, foul-smelling pee.
Urinary incontinence.
Frequent urination.
Urge incontinence.
Pain when you pee (dysuria).
Other UTI-associated symptoms may include:
Pain in your penis.
Feeling extremely tired (fatigue).
Fever.
Chills.
Nausea and vomiting.
Mental changes or confusion.
Prevention
You may be able to lower the risk of getting UTIs, especially recurrent urinary tract infections, if you:
Drink plenty of fluids, especially water, to flush bacteria out of the bladder and urethra.
Try cranberry juice or other cranberry products, if your healthcare team says it’s OK.
Stop using deodorant sprays, powders or other feminine products that can irritate the urethra.
Change your birth control method, if you use a diaphragm, spermicide or unlubricated condoms.
